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The stability triangle and the center of gravity is among the key basic operating considerations. Among the most complicated things for a lift truck operator to determine is the significance of maintaining their center of gravity in their stability triangle.
The Stability Triangle
To describe it simply, a forklift has a 3-point suspension system. When imaginary lines are drawn between these three points, the stability triangle is formed. The operator has to make certain that the center of gravity, which is made, combined with his load and the machinery itself, remains in the stability triangle to be able to prevent the forklift from losing balance and tipping over.
Centers of Gravity
How do you define the center of gravity? When in regards to utilizing a lift truck, we must be concerned not just with the center of gravity of the load being lifted but as well with the combined center of gravity. This includes the lift truck and the load it is picking up.
The load's center of gravity is defined as the load center. The load center can be more easily detected in a uniform load situation, like for instance a bale. A uniform load on a 48 inch long pallet, for instance, would have the load center at 24 inches. This is a common load center for numerous smaller capacity lift trucks. Then again, if a load is not centered properly, such as with things that are not symmetrical, maybe an engine for instance, then a lot of care and caution need to be taken in order to estimate the center of gravity.
The lift truck has a center of gravity of its own, which shifts each and every time the lift truck picks up a load. Once the load is raised, the center of gravity moves forward. A lot of care needs to be taken to be able to maintain the center of gravity within the forklift's stability triangle. This happens by following the numbers and not raisin more than the maximum allowable, given the center of the load. As well, the load center should be considered. Be aware that whenever lifting the load, the load center moves forward as well.
Lift trucks or forklifts are powered industrial trucks that are usually utilized in the moving and lifting of materials for different operations. These types of machinery are normally used within the dockside, warehousing, mining and construction applications.
Depending on their uses, the forklift can be referred to a lot of different names. Several different examples of these names are: lift trucks, stacker trucks, trailer loaders and fork trucks. These kinds of equipment are utilized throughout the world, mostly within the manufacturing and warehousing business.
During the mid 19th century and the start of the 20th century, the first forklifts made their debut in the building of the Pennsylvania railroad during 1906. At that time, platform trucks were introduced in order to help in moving products. These very first platform trucks run on batteries. The trucks regained their popularity during WWI when extreme labor shortages happened because of all the enlisted men. This is when forklifts really arrived on the market to stay.
There are essentially 2 main types of forklift: those dealing with heavy loads and those that can handle light loads. The light units include: side loaders, towing tractors, walkie starters and hand pallet trucks. These machinery are made for handling lighter loads and they are not ideal for very heavy loads. The equipment's specific load capacity is posted in the owner's manual and on the machinery itself. Several examples of the big truck types include: walkie order picking trucks, truck mounted forklifts and telescopic handlers.
