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Some industrial and commercial buildings could reach heights of more than 60 stories. Apparently, while these buildings are being constructed, they require equally tall cranes to move the supplies to the higher floors. There are cranes that are operated from the rear of trucks or other kinds that have their own vehicle attached. Tower cranes are the largest kinds on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures that are normally seen on high-rise building projects. Usually, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. Wherever new construction like for example skyscrapers or apartment buildings and commercial facilities like for example shopping center are being built, chances are a crane will be on site.
Types
There are two different kinds of cranes: jib crane of the boom crane. The jib is a metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it carries items. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to downward or upward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds can vary from 30,000 lbs. to 10,000 pounds
Body
The crane's body is composed of a vertical steel mast that is composed of individual sections. The parts are added to increase the overall height of the machinery. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The crane operator works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane utilizes a braided metal cord to raise materials. This cord extends out from a motor located next to the control module to the end of the jib or boom. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the tower's opposite side. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from toppling over when raising heavy materials.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a specialized kind of mobile crane. These cranes use hydraulics and are able to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics uses forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the boom's pistons in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are important in constructing major projects like for example airports, bridges, roads and buildings. A crane could complete in minutes jobs that would normally take hundreds of men and a lot of hours to complete.
These remarkable machinery have played a very important part in constructing houses, cities, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were likely built using basic cranes to allow the heaviest materials in one of the most remarkable construction projects of all time.
The first cranes were established during 3000 B.C. Egypt in the reign of King Ramses. This lifting mechanism was first used to collect water. The very first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These devices were used to create a whole country during the 5th century B.C.
Initially, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers building dockyards decided they required something stronger and bigger did these equipments develop. Hick & Rothwell developed the first cast iron cranes during the year 1834, in Bolton, England. This machinery can lift up to 2 tons. That very same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition allowed cranes to have a bigger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
Ultimately, the wire ropes were weaved together in order to form an even more powerful strength. This wire formation also brought the added benefit of flexibility. 4 years later, Germany began to make cast iron cranes. The first cast iron crane built by Germany was made in Neuburg.
