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Tower cranes are able to have a maximum unsupported height of 80m or two hundred sixty five feet. The maximum lifting capacity of a tower crane is sixteen thousand six hundred forty two kg or thirty nine thousand six hundred ninety pounds with counter weights of 20 tons. Moreover, two limit switches are utilized to be able to make sure that the driver does not overload the crane. There is also another safety feature called a load moment switch to ensure that the operator does not exceed the ton meter load rating. Finally, the tower crane has a maximum reach of 230 feet or 70 meters.
There is certainly a science involved with erecting a tower crane, specially due to their extreme heights. First, the stationary structure needs to be transported to the construction site by utilizing a huge tractor-trailer rig setup. After that, a mobile crane is utilized in order to assemble the machinery part of the jib and the crane. These parts are then connected to the mast. The mobile crane next adds counterweights. Forklifts and crawler cranes can be a few of the other industrial machinery which is typically utilized to erect a crane.
Mast extensions are added to the crane as the building is erected. This is how the height of the crane can match the building's height. The crane crew uses what is called a climbing frame or a top climber that fits between the slewing unit and the top of the mast. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew in order to balance the counterweight. When complete, the slewing unit is able to detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are used to adjust the slewing unit up an extra twenty feet or 6.1m. After that, the crane operator utilizes the crane to insert and bolt into place another mast part piece.
A "loaded container" by description is a container other than in the empty or tare condition, in reference to container handling. Unless otherwise confirmed, containers must be treated as loaded. To be able to maintain safety, when handling or securing containers, environmental conditions like for instance wind must be considered. The term loaded is the container's maximum gross weigh rating. In order to make certain that the centre of gravity is kept as central and low as possible, the cargo should be distributed throughout the container.
Having an equally distributed cargo it is advantageous to avoid lack of vehicle stability, and excessive tilting, in order to maintain safety. A load that is even helps to avoid unacceptable load concentrations, and unacceptable vehicle axle loading.
With the load distribution within the container, the eccentricity of the center of gravity differs. It is very essential that the designers of containers and handling machinery take this into consideration in the engineering process. For instance, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in fifty percent of the container length measured from one end of the machinery, the eccentricity corresponds to five percent.
Make sure that the container is free to be handled and care needs to be taken to make sure it is safely attached to the container, so as to make sure that the machine utilized is right for the cargo. Specific attention should be paid to the risk of the container tilting due to the eccentricity of the center of gravity. When raising any container whose centre of gravity is eccentric or mobile, like for instance a bulk container, a tank container or a container with a liquid bulk bag or a thermal container with a refrigerating unit, either clip on or integral, or any container with a hanging load, great care must be taken when raising these.
